BLUEBERRY ALLERGY
Key Allergens
Blueberries are in the
Ericaceae family of plants which includes cranberries, huckleberries and heathers.
Blueberries contain
Lipid Transfer Protein. These are panallergens, proteins which are found in lots of groups of foods and can cause severe allergic reactions.
Like other berries, blueberries are high in natural Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid) and are acidic, so can cause a rash on the face especially in babies and toddlers. Small children have a very low requirement of daily Vitamin C, so it can be easy for them to have more than the recommended intake if they eat a lot of fruit. This can cause gastrointestinal problems and point to food intolerance when this is not the case.
Food Intolerances
Blueberries are a high FODMAP food.
FODMAP stands for
Fermentable
oligosaccharides,
disaccharides,
monosaccharides
and
polyols. Foods high in FODMAPs can cause symptoms of food intolerance, affecting the gastro intestinal system and this can be mistaken for a true IgE food allergy.
Blueberries are very high in
salicylates. Salicylates have the potential to cause worsening of asthma, swelling, itching and hives as well as food intolerance symptoms in people who are sensitive to salicylates.
You can read more about
Food Intolerances on the dedicated Food Intolerance Page.
Associated Syndromes
Other plants in the
Ericaceae family of plants include cranberries and huckleberries, if you suffer from an allergy to blueberries then you may also suffer allergic symptoms when eating these foods.
Blueberries are associated with
LTP Syndrome, where you are allergic to seemingly unrelated groups of foods, but they all contain lipid transfer proteins.
Cross Reactivity
Other foods containing lipid transfer proteins include almonds, apple, apricot, asparagus, aubergine (eggplant), banana, beetroot, lupin, borlotti beans, broccoli, cabbage, celery, cherry, chestnut, corn, durum wheat, fennel, fig, goji berries, grapes, grapefruit, green beans, hazelnut, kidney beans, kiwi, lemon, lentil, lettuce, mulberry, mustard, onion, orange, parsley, parsnip, pea, peach, peanut, pear, plum, pomegranate, raspberry, strawberry, sunflower seed, tangerine, tomato, walnut and wheat.
Resources
Websites
Allergen Encyclopedia - Blueberry
Science Direct - Lipid Transfer Proteins
Healthline - FODMAP Foods
ATP Science - Salicylate Foods
Web MD - Salicylate Allergy
Articles and Journals
Vaccinium uliginosum L. (bog bilberry) and the search for its alleged toxicity: a review, 2024
Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) Induced Anaphylaxis in a Chinese Child with Lipid Transfer Protein Sensitization, 2023
Effects of a Low-FODMAP Diet on Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Both Children and Adults—A Narrative Review, 2023
Lipid transfer protein allergy: A review of current controversies, 2022
The diagnosis and management of allergic reactions in patients sensitized to non-specific lipid transfer proteins, 2021
Non-specific lipid transfer protein allergy in United Kingdom, 2019
Possible anaphylaxis to blueberry: potential cross-reactivity with other berries, 2018
The Biochemical Basis and Clinical Evidence of Food Allergy Due to Lipid Transfer Proteins: A Comprehensive Review, 2012
10 kDa lipid transfer protein: The main allergenic structure in a German patient with anaphylaxis to blueberry, 2009
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